What is a Solar Photovoltaic Module?
A solar photovoltaic module is a device that converts solar energy into electricity using solar cells. These are made by connecting groups of solar cells, which are then shielded by a protective glass front, encapsulation layers, and a durable frame.
Solar modules are made of the following materials: photovoltaic cells, a protective glass layer, encapsulant, a durable backsheet, a protective aluminum frame, and a junction box with wiring.
With the growing demand for solar power in India, in this blog, we will take a look at the benefits of solar photovoltaic modules, their types, their work, and their future demand.
How Does a Solar PV Module Work?
Here is a step-by-step guide on how solar photovoltaic modules work:
Photovoltaic Effect
When sunlight comes in contact with the semiconductor material in the solar cells, it knocks the electrons loose.
Electricity generation
These created electrons now flow through the material, creating an electrical current.
Module construction
A group of solar cells is connected in series to increase voltage and in parallel to increase current, forming a module.
Protection
These cells are made with materials like tempered glass, ethylene-vinyl acetate, and a polymer backsheet to protect the fragile cells from moisture, dust, and impact.
Durability
An aluminum frame is also added to these cells to provide a sturdy and weather-resistant structure.
Types of Solar PV Modules Used in Industries
Solar photovoltaic modules are divided into many different types, so it is important to choose the correct one for your business, as it affects the efficiency, long-term performance, and return on investment. Here are the most widely used solar PV modules in industrial setups:
Monocrystalline Solar PV Modules
Monocrystalline solar PV modules are made with 100% pure crystalline silicon; they have 20% higher efficiency than polycrystalline modules and an excellent performance in limited space. These modules are best for industries with smaller rooftops but high energy needs, providing a long lifespan and superior performance in high temperatures.
Polycrystalline Solar PV Modules
Polycrystalline solar PV modules are made with multiple silicon crystals, making them more affordable than monocrystalline solar modules.
Though in return for affordability, they have slightly lower efficiency, but are still highly reliable for large installations. These modules are ideally used by businesses with larger spaces and a limited budget.
Bifacial Solar PV Modules
Bifacial solar PV modules generate power from both the front and back sides of the module, providing higher energy output, especially in ground-mounted systems. These modules are great for industries looking for maximum energy generation per square meter and are mostly used in reflective environments like concrete, white rooftops.
Thin-Film Solar Modules
Thin-film solar modules are made with lightweight and flexible cells. These modules have lower efficiency but are useful for unique industrial roofs or large sheds.
Key Industrial Benefits of Solar PV Modules in 2025
These solar photovoltaic modules provide many benefits to industrialists, and some of these key benefits include:
Reduced electricity bills
As there is an abundance of solar energy available, the electricity bills are lower compared to direct electricity.
Long-term ROI
The return on investment on solar PV modules is for the long term, as the amount put into building solar returns in the next 2-3 years, but the system lasts more than 20-25 years.
High efficiency
Monocrystalline solar PV modules are the most efficient PV modules of all of the modules. Polycrystalline solar PV modules are not as efficient, but they are still more efficient than direct electricity.
Low maintenance
These modules only need maintenance every 3-4 months, and if maintained properly, can work effectively for a long time.
Reliable power for high-energy operations
The sunlight is in abundance, so if the right module is used, operations can be done with more efficiency and energy.
Functions of a Solar Photovoltaic Module
Solar photovoltaic modules play a central role in converting sunlight into usable electricity. Here are the key functions that make them essential for industrial solar systems:
Convert Sunlight into Electricity
The main function of a solar PV module is to absorb sunlight and convert it into direct current electricity through the photovoltaic effect. This energy then becomes the foundation of your solar system.
Generate Consistent and Renewable Power
Solar modules provide a consistent flow of renewable energy throughout the day, helping industries reduce dependency on expensive grid power, diesel generators and reduce their carbon footprint.
Support High-Efficiency Energy Production
Ensuring consistent energy output with minimal performance loss, these industrial-grade PV modules are designed to handle high temperatures, harsh weather, and long operational hours.
Supply Power to Inverters
Since industries also need AC power, PV modules supply direct electricity to solar inverters, which then convert it into AC power that can run machinery, equipment, and operations.
Long-Term Energy Security
Solar PV modules provide 25-30 years of stable energy, helping industries secure long-term power supply and protecting them from fluctuating electricity prices.
Key Factors Affecting Solar PV Module Price in India
- Technology & Module Type: Different modules, like mono, poly, bifacial, and high-efficiency modules, vary significantly in cost.
- Brand & Manufacturer: Indian brands with a well-known name command a premium.
- Import vs. Domestic Production: Modules that are imported are usually more expensive due to import duties.
- Tax Reforms: Recently, GST for solar PV modules was cut to 5%, which is expected to lower capital costs.
- Supply Chain Dynamics: Polysilicon and cell production costs affect module pricing.
Is It Worth Using Solar PV Modules in 2025?
Yes, investing in solar PV modules in 2025 is absolutely worth it, especially for industries aiming to reduce energy costs and move toward sustainable operations. With rising electricity tariffs and increasing demand for reliable, clean energy, solar PV systems offer long-term financial stability and predictable power generation.
From a business perspective, solar PV modules offer a long-term ROI through reduced electricity expenses, minimal maintenance, and a lifespan of over 25 years. They also contribute to meeting sustainability and ESG goals, making them a smart investment for both economic and environmental benefits.
Conclusion
Solar photovoltaic modules continue to be one of the most valuable and future-ready energy solutions for industries in 2025. With advancements in mono-PERC, bifacial, and thin-film technologies, businesses now have access to high-efficiency modules that deliver long-term performance, reduced electricity costs, and strong sustainability benefits. Whether you are planning to upgrade your current system or install a new industrial solar plant, choosing the right type of PV module plays a major role in determining efficiency, ROI, and reliability over its 25–30-year lifespan.
As India pushes toward clean energy adoption and lower solar costs, this is the ideal time for industries to invest in solar PV modules and secure stable, affordable power for the future.
If you want expert guidance, high-quality modules, and long-lasting performance for your industrial solar project, reach out to Novergy Solar today for consultation and inquiries.
FAQs
What are solar photovoltaic modules?
Ans- Solar photovoltaic modules are devices that convert solar energy into electricity using solar cells.
What are the three types of PV modules?
Ans- The three types of solar PV modules are monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, and thin film.
How long do PV modules last?
Ans- Solar PV modules usually last around 20-25 years and sometimes even 30 years if maintained properly.
Which solar module is best?
Ans- The best solar module is monocrystalline solar panels, as they have efficiencies ranging from 18% to 22%.